The search for justice has ever been one of the great human campaigns, just as corruption has continually undermined the search to realize the common good. This appears from the analysis of cultures.

 

The Challenge

 

Culturally, in ancient Egypt the Pharaoh owned everything and everyone. All power descended from above and all were enslaved. What once may have been gifts expressing gratitude to the leader for benefices or permissions granted came to be exploitive requirements for any permit. Whether pharaoh, emperor or king absolute power in human hands led to corruption, and in the end to revolution.

 

 

Hence, for modern times hierarchy has been eliminated, all are equal, and authority is delegated to elected leaders. But modernity as marked also by individualism and egoism that again leads to abuses of public power, that is, to corruption. This saps the people?s sense of responsibility and willingness to work for the common good.

 

Response

 

This challenge, in turn, calls for a deeper philosophical understanding which relates justice to responsibility in both thought and action. The 2011 RVP seminar examined this in the thought of Emmanuel Levinas. The present seminar will return to this issue looking more closely not only at a theory of justice (e.g. of John Rawls) but of the way in which justice entails responsibility for its realization in action. E.G. Paul Ricoeur posits that where justice is necessary but reductive, love is also necessary in order that justice be done and in ways that are truly promotive of persons and responsive to their distinctive needs and true welfare. Does responsibility for justice then take one beyond justice in order that justice be done?

Legal approaches alone can apply the power of coercion, but while effective to some degree, through fear this has generated evasion so that corruption becomes more opaque. What is needed is a way for justice as good and indeed beautiful to radiate an overriding power of attraction? What light can philosophical reflection and religious cultures shed on this? Are there resources which can be assembled from the many cultures to make this effective for these global times?